I-Americana yaseNew York yavulwa ngoSepthemba 25, 1962 njengehhotela lomhlangano elinamagumbi ayi-2,000 1,000. Lakhiwa abazalwane uLaurence Tisch noPreston Tisch, abanikazi be-Loews Corporation futhi lalingelokuqala ngqa ukwakhiwa kwehhotela elinamakamelo angaphezu kuka-1931 51 eNew York kusukela eWaldorf Astoria ngo-1964. Njengoba linezitezi ezingu-XNUMX, lanconywa iminyaka eminingi. ekukhangiseni kwayo nakwabezindaba njengehhotela elide kunawo wonke emhlabeni, ngokusekelwe enanini nobude bezitezi ezihlala abantu. I-Americana yakhiwa, kanye ne-New York Hilton ebheke ku-Sixth Avenue endaweni elandelayo, ukuze ihlinzekele inani elikhulu labavakashi ababezolethwa uMbukiso Womhlaba WaseNew York wango-XNUMX, kanye nemakethe yebhizinisi neyomhlangano. Ihhotela lalaziwa futhi eminyakeni eyalandela ngokuthi i-Americana Hotel, i-Americana New York ne-Loews Americana yaseNew York.
NgoMeyi 14, 1968, uJohn Lennon noPaul McCartney baba nomhlangano nabezindaba eMelikana ukuze bamemezele ukwakhiwa kwe-Apple Corps, ilebula labo lomculo. I-Americana iphinde yabamba ingxenye yaseNew York yama-Emmy Awards ka-1967 no-1968. Iklabhu yesidlo sakusihlwa sehhotela, I-Royal Box ibonise ukudlala kuka-Duke Ellington, u-Ella Fitzgerald, uJulie London, u-Peggy Lee, u-Liberace, u-Lena Horne, uSammy Davis, Jr., u-Paul Anka, u-Frank Sinatra nezinye izinganekwane eziningi zomculo.
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Ihotela lakhiwe ngendlela ehambisana nemiklamo yomdwebi wezakhiwo uMorris Lapidus enenkundla eyizitezi ezimbili eyayinendawo yokwamukela izivakashi, izindawo zokudlela ezinhlanu, amagumbi okudlala ayishumi, ihholo lomhlangano elikhulu, “nekhishi eliyihektare elilodwa”, elinamakamelo amahhotela abekwe ngezitebhisi eziwumngcingo phezulu. Ukuze kufezwe lokhu, iLapidus yasebenzisa izimiso ezintathu zesakhiwo: iphansi ukusuka ku-1 kuya kwelesi-5 kukhona amakholomu ayinhlanganisela yensimbi, isitezi sesi-5 kuya ku-29 siyizindonga zokugunda zikakhonkolo, nezinsika zikakhonkolo eziqinisiwe ezingu-29 kuya kwezingu-51. Ngesikhathi siqedwa, lesi sakhiwo sasiyisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke esakhiwe ngokhonkolo edolobheni.
NgoJulayi 21, 1972, i-American Airlines yaqashisa i-Americana yaseNew York e-Loews, kanye ne-City Squire Motor Inn ngaphesheya komgwaqo, kanye namahhotela e-Americana e-Bal Harbour, eFlorida, naseSan Juan, ePuerto Rico, isikhathi eside. iminyaka engamashumi amathathu. I-American ihlanganise amahhotela nochungechunge lwabo olukhona lwe-Sky Chefs Hotels futhi imaketha zonke izakhiwo ezingaphansi komkhiqizo we-Americana Hotels. Ihhotela lisebenze njengekomkhulu leDemocratic Alliance ku-1976 Democratic National Convention kanye ne-1980 Democratic National Convention. Ihhotela liphinde lasingatha Uhlaka lwe-NFL lwango-1974.
I-Americana yaseNew York kanye ne-City Squire Motor Inn zathengiswa kubambiswano lwe-Sheraton Hotels kanye ne-Equitable Life Assurance Society ngoJanuwari 24, 1979. I-Americana yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Sheraton Center Hotel & Towers. U-Sheraton wathenga isabelo se-Equitable ehhotela ngo-1990, ebakhulula ukuba benze ukulungisa okucishe kube izigidi ezingu-200 ngo-1991, lapho ihhotela liqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Sheraton New York Hotel and Towers. Kulandela ukuhlasela kweWorld Trade Center kwangoSepthemba 11, 2001, uphiko lweLehman Brothers Investment Banking lwaguqula okwesikhashana amagumbi okuphumula, izindawo zokudlela, kanye namakamelo ezivakashi angu-665 ehhotela awenza amahhovisi. I-Starwood Hotels (eyayithenge i-Sheraton ngo-1998) idayise ihhotela, kanye nezinye izakhiwo ezingu-37, ukuze i-Host Marriott ibe ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine ngoNovemba 4, 14. Ihhotela laqhubeka nokuphathwa yi-Sheraton, nokho, laphinde lalungiswa kusukela ngo-2005- 2011, ngezindleko zamaRandi ayizigidi eziyi-2012, negama lifushaniswa laba yiSheraton New York Hotel ngo-180 lase lishintshwa laba yiSheraton New York Times Square Hotel ngo-2012.
Ibhulokhi eyinhloko yendawo yokuhlala iyifomu le-sleb eligobile elide elincanyana, elibheke ekhoneni lika-52nd Street, ligcizelelwa i-facade enemigqa enemigqa evundlile yamafasitela anemicu kanye nezipandire zezitini ezicwebezelisiwe eziphuzi. Ohlangothini olusenyakatho olubheke ku-Sixth Avenue, iphiko elinezitezi ezingu-25 eliphansi libekwe ema-engeli angakwesokudla ku-slab egobile, futhi kanjalo nge-engeli encane yomgwaqo, futhi ihlanganisa indawo yokungena nendawo yokwamukela izivakashi endaweni yesikhulumi enezitezi ezimbili.
Isici esivelele ezingeni eliphansi i-rotunda eyindilinga yezindaba ezimbili ephuma ngaphansi kokuphela kwephiko eligobile ekhoneni lomgwaqo elingu-52. Isithombe sehhotela loqobo ngeminyaka yawo-1960s singatholakala eqoqweni leMnyuziyamu Yedolobha LaseNew York. Umgwaqo oseceleni kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ekuqaleni wawunemigqa egandayiwe enemigqa engeli elincane lokungena kanye nephiko eligobile, elijika ngendlela esebenzayo umgwaqo uSeventh Avenue ube inkundla engaphambili yehhotela.
Ama-facade amabhulokhi okuhlala ngokuvamile awashintshile, kodwa amazinga esiteji aphinde agqokwa ekulungisweni kuka-1991, esikhundleni semininingwane eyahlukene, ekhanyayo yama-1960s ngegwadle le-Postmodern squared granite.
Ukudalula:
Ngake ngasebenza njengoMphathi Wokuhlala e-Americana yaseNew York. Bengihlala esitezi sama-45 futhi bengitholakala nganoma yiliphi ihora ebusuku kunoma yimiphi imicimbi engaphandle kokwejwayelekile. Ngokungenakugwenywa, kube nezigameko ezivele ngenxa yokwehluleka kwemishini, ukuziphatha okungalindelekile kwezivakashi kanye/noma ukushiyeka kwezisebenzi. Ngayithanda injabulo yomsebenzi futhi ngabika kuMphathi-Jikelele u-Tom Troy, umakadebona we-Statler Hotel Corporation.
Umbhali, uStanley Turkel, yisiphathimandla nomxhumanisi ohlonishwayo embonini yehhotela. Usebenzisa ihhotela lakhe, ukungenisa izihambi kanye nemikhuba yokubonisana egxile ekuphathweni kwempahla, ekucwaningweni kwamabhuku kokusebenza nokusebenza kwezivumelwano zokukhushulwa kwamahhotela nezabelo zokuxhaswa kwamacala. Amakhasimende angabanikazi bamahhotela, abatshalizimali, nezikhungo ezibolekisa ngemali.
Ukuqedwa Kwencwadi Entsha Yehhotela
Inesihloko esithi “Great American Hotel Architects” futhi ilandisa izindaba ezimnandi zikaWarren & Wetmore, uHenry J. Hardenbergh, uSchutze & Weaver, uMary Colter, uBruce Price, uMulliken noMoeller, uMcKim, uMead & White, uCarrere & Hastings, uJulia Morgan , Emery Roth futhi Trowbridge & Livingston.
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