Imisebenzi yezimboni yezokuvakasha iholela emiholweni ephezulu kanye nesisekelo saphakade sempumelelo yezezimali, ishiya isinxephezelo kukho konke ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ngokusho kwe-US Travel Association's Made in America: Umnikelo Wezokuvakasha Ekuthuthukisweni Kwabasebenzi.
Abakwa-US Travel bakhiphe lolu cwaningo ngemuva kwesonto lama-36 laminyaka yonke i-National Travel and Tourism. Umbiko — owesibili ochungechungeni lwaseMelika lwaseMelika oluthi “Made in America” obonisa ukubaluleka kokuhambela umnotho wase-US — uthola ukuthi imisebenzi embonini yezokuvakasha inikeza indlela eya empumelelweni yezigidi zabantu baseMelika.
Phakathi kokutholakele okuphezulu:
• Ukuhamba kuyimboni engunombolo 1 yemisebenzi yokuqala. Cishe abasebenzi abane kwabayishumi baqale kwezokuvakasha nezokuvakasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyimisebenzi emihle yokuqala enikeza abasebenzi amakhono, ukuzethemba nolwazi olubalulekile emisebenzini ephumelelayo emisebenzini eminingi.
• Abantu abaqala umsebenzi wabo wokuhamba baye bathola iholo eliphakeme eliyisilinganiso esingu-$82,400 ngesikhathi beneminyaka engu-50 ubudala—eliphezulu kunalabo abaqala kwezokukhiqiza, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo nezinye izimboni.
• Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu baseMelika (31%) abangena kabusha emsebenzini benza kanjalo ngomsebenzi embonini yezokuvakasha—uma kuqhathaniswa ne-12% kuphela ekukhiqizeni kanye no-8% ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Imisebenzi yokuvakasha inokuguquguquka, ukutholakala, ukuhlukahluka futhi igxile kumakhono angokoqobo ukuze iqalise umsebenzi ozuzisayo.
Lo mbiko ufaka nezifundo ezingamacala zabantu abaphishekele imisebenzi embonini yezokuvakasha futhi bafeza iphupho labo laseMelika ngenxa yalokho.
“Njengabaningi baseMelika, umsebenzi wami wokuqala wawusembonini yezokuvakasha — njengomlondolozi echibini lehhotela — futhi yanginikeza isisekelo samakhono namathuba aholela emsebenzini omude futhi onomvuzo,” kusho uMongameli kanye ne-CEO ye-US Travel Association UDow. “Imisebenzi embonini yezokuvakasha ifinyeleleka ngokukhethekile kubo bonke abantu baseMelika, futhi inikeza indlela eya ekuphileni okuqinile, nokuphila impilo yonke. Kalula nje, ukuhamba kuyindlela yokungena ephusheni laseMelika. ”
Okunye okunye ukuthathwa okubalulekile okuvela kulo mbiko:
• Imisebenzi yemboni yezokuvakasha inikeza ukuguquguquka kokuphishekela imfundo ephakeme nokuqeqeshwa. Kubantu baseMelika abayizigidi eziyi-6.1 abasebenza itoho ngenkathi bephishekela imfundo ephakeme ngo-2018, abangaphezu kwesigamu baqashwe ezimbonini ezihlobene nokuhamba. Cishe umsebenzi oyedwa kwabahlanu (18%) wemboni yezokuvakasha uya esikoleni njengamanje, uma kuqhathaniswa no-8% wabasebenzi abafunda kwezinye izigaba zomnotho.
• Imboni yezokuvakasha ihlukene futhi iyafinyeleleka uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izimboni. Cishe ingxenye (46%) yabasebenzi bemboni yezokuvakasha baneziqu zesikole samabanga aphezulu noma ngaphansi, uma kuqhathaniswa no-30% wabasebenzi bomnotho wonke. Ukuvakasha nakho kunesabelo esikhulu samaHispanics, ama-Afrika aseMelika kanye nabantu bezinhlanga eziningi kunomnotho wonke.
• Ulwazi kwezokuvakasha lukhuthaza osomabhizinisi. Amaphesenti angu-19 abantu baseMelika umsebenzi wabo wokuqala owawungowokuvakasha manje sebenebhizinisi labo, futhi u-14% bazibheka njengosomabhizinisi—futhi, inani eliphakeme kunokukhiqiza nokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Kwabesifazane abaqale umsebenzi wabo embonini yezokuvakasha, u-10% usezithatha njengosomabhizinisi, uma kuqhathaniswa no-XNUMX% kuphela walabo abaqale ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.
• Imboni yezokuvakasha ivala igebe lamakhono. Ngokuqeqeshwa, imfundo, izinhlelo zokunikeza izitifiketi kanye nolwazi lokuzibonela ngawakho, imboni ihlinzeka ngezinsiza namathuba kubafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme nasekolishi, idlanzana, abesifazane kanye nabantu abanezithiyo zokuqashwa njengokuntuleka kwemfundo ehlelekile.
"Izibalo ziyesabeka, kepha kulapho ufunda imininingwane yokuthi umthelela wangempela wemboni yezokuvakasha emisebenzini uyacaca," kusho uDow. “Indaba ngayinye ihlinzeka isithombe samakhono abanawo umkhakha wezokuvakasha kunoma ngubani ofuna ukuziphilisa ngokuqinile.
"Lo mbiko uqinisa futhi iqiniso lokuthi ezokuvakasha zibalulekile emisebenzini nakwezomnotho ezweni lethu, futhi uhulumeni wethu kufanele abeke eqhulwini imigomo yokuvikela ezokuvakasha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imboni iyaqhubeka nokukhula."
Lo mbiko ngokuyinhloko uncike emininingwaneni evela ku-Bureau of Labor Statistics National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth 1979 nango-1997 ukuhlola umkhondo womsebenzi wabantu abenza umsebenzi wabo wokuqala embonini yezokuvakasha.
