Izimayini ze-uranium eningizimu yeTanzania zisabhekwe ngabomvu amaqembu okulondoloza izilwane zasendle akhathazekile ngemiphumela emibi yezomnotho kanye nobungozi bezempilo ezilwaneni zasendle kanye nezingozi kubahlali abakhelene nepaki yezilwane zasendle enkulu kunazo zonke eTanzania, iSelous Game Reserve.
I-WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-World Wildlife Fund e-US nase-Canada), iHhovisi Lezwe lase-Tanzania lalizwakalise ukukhathazeka kwalo ngokumbiwa nokumbiwa kwe-uranium esiqiwini i-Selous Game Reserve, okuyindawo enkulu kunazo zonke egcinwe izilwane zasendle e-Afrika, bethi imisebenzi yezimayini neyezimboni eyenziwa emfuleni uMkuju endaweni elondoloziwe yezilwane ingase ibeke engcupheni umnotho wesikhathi eside futhi ifake ezingozini zezempilo kubantu kanye nomnotho waseTanzania wonkana.
Izinkathazo ze-WWF zilandelana kwezehlakalo ezibikwe inkampani yezimayini ze-Uranium, i-Rosatom, esanda kusayina isivumelwano sokusebenzisana (i-MOU) neKhomishana ye-Tanzania Atomic Energy Agency (TAEC) ukuthuthukisa isikhungo sokucwaninga amandla enuzi eTanzania.
I-Rosatom, inkampani yaseRussia i-uranium agency, iyinkampani engumzali we-Uranium One enikezwe imvume nguhulumeni waseTanzania yokumba nokukhipha i-uranium eMfuleni uMkuju ngaphakathi kwesiqiwu saseSelous.
IPhini likaMongameli we-Uranium One u-Andre Shutov uthe iRosatom izoqala ukwakha isikhungo sokucwaninga njengesigaba sokuqala sokwethula ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla enuzi eTanzania.
Uthe ukukhiqizwa kwe-uranium kuzoba umgomo oyinhloko wenkampani yakhe, kanti ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kuzokwenziwa ngo-2018 okulindelwe ukukhiqiza imali yenkampani neTanzania.
“Asikwazi ukwenza isinyathelo esingalungile njengoba silindele ukufinyelela esinyathelweni sokukhiqiza eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu,” kusho uShutov.
Uthe le nkampani isebenzise ubuchwepheshe besimanje ekukhishweni kwe-uranium ngobuchwepheshe be-In-Situ Recovery (ISR) obusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke ukuze kugwenywe izingozi kubantu nasezidalweni eziphilayo.
Kodwa i-WWF kanye nabalondolozi bemvelo baqhamuke nezibhakela, bethi ukumba i-uranium eTanzania akuzuzisi kangako uma kuqhathaniswa nomonakalo ozodalwa kulo lonke uhlelo lwezimayini.
IHhovisi le-WWF Tanzania lithe izimayini ze-uranium neminye imisebenzi yezimboni ehlongozwa amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe eSiqiwini Selous izoholela emonakalweni ongenakulungiseka, hhayi nje endaweni ezungezile ngokwesimiso sayo semvelo, kodwa nasembonini yezokuvakasha eyigugu yaseTanzania.
"Lokhu kungaba yithuba elikhulu kubaphathi bamanje eTanzania ukuthi benze isinqumo esizoba nefa elifinyelela kude," kusho u-Amani Ngusaru, uMqondisi Wezwe we-WWF Tanzania.
Uhulumeni waseTanzania, ngoMnyango Wezemvelo Nezokuvakasha, ngo-2014, wamisa indawo engamakhilomitha angama-350 phakathi kweSelous Game Reserve eseningizimu yeTanzania ukuze kukhishwe i-uranium.
Ngokwesivumelwano sokusebenzisana, inkampani yezimayini i-uranium izokwenza imizamo ebalulekile yokulwa nokuzingelwa ngokungemthetho okusukela emifaniswano ye-game scout, imishini nezimoto, ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwezobuciko bezandla zasehlathini, ezokuxhumana, ezokuphepha, ukuzulazula kanye namaqhinga okulwa nokuzingela.
Uchwepheshe we-Extractive and Energy weHhovisi le-WWF Tanzania, uMnu. Brown Namgera, uthe izingozi zokusabalalisa uketshezi oluphumayo ngaphandle kwediphozithi ye-uranium ehilela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba okulandelayo azikwazi ukulawulwa.
“Izinto ezingcolile ezihambayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokunciphisa amakhemikhali, njenge-radium, azikwazi ukulawuleka. Uma izimo zokunciphisa amakhemikhali kamuva ziphazamiseka nganoma yiziphi izizathu, ukungcola okunemvula kuyahlanganiswa kabusha; inqubo yokubuyisela ithatha isikhathi eside kakhulu, akuwona wonke amapharamitha angehliswa ngendlela efanele,” kusho yena.
USolwazi Hussein Sossovele, uMcwaningi Omkhulu Wezemvelo eTanzania utshele abakwa-eTN ukuthi ukumba i-uranium esiqiwini iSelous Game Reserve kungaholela emiphumeleni eyingozi kulesi siqiwu.
Ngokuqhathaniswa, izimayini ze-uranium zingangenisa imali engaphansi kuka-US$5 wezigidi ngonyaka, kanti izinzuzo zezokuvakasha ziyi-US$6 million kubavakashi abavakashela leli paki unyaka ngamunye.
"Ayikho inzuzo ebalulekile ekukhishweni kwe-uranium endaweni, kucatshangelwa ukuthi izindleko zokwakha izikhungo zamandla enuzi zibiza kakhulu ukuthi iTanzania ingakwazi ukuyikhokhela," esho.
Umklamo womfula uMkuju ungaphakathi kweSelous Sedimentary Basin, ingxenye yoMgodi omkhulu weKaroo. UMkuju River wuhlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwe-uranium olutholakala eningizimu yeTanzania, amakhilomitha angama-470 eningizimu-ntshonalanga yenhloko-dolobha yaseTanzania iDar es Salaam.
Uhulumeni waseTanzania uthe le mayini izokhiqiza amathani ayizigidi ezingu-60 emfucumfucu ekhipha imisebe nobuthi phakathi neminyaka engu-10 yokuphila kwayo kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-139 e-uranium uma kungenzeka ukwelulwa kwemayini.
Njengoba ihlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele angaphezu kuka-50,000, iSelous ingenye yeziqiwu ezinkulu ezivikelwe zezilwane emhlabeni futhi ingenye yezindawo zokugcina ezinkulu eziwugwadule e-Afrika.
Lesi siqiwi esiseningizimu yeTanzania sinezindlovu eziningi, obhejane abamnyama, izingulule, izindlulamithi, izimvubu nezingwenya, futhi akuphazanyiswa ngabantu.
Ingenye yezindawo ezinkulu ezivikelwe emhlabeni wonke futhi ingenye yezingwadule zokugcina ezinkulu zase-Afrika. Kuze kube muva nje, bekungaphazanyiswa muntu, nakuba kusaqhubeka olunye uhlelo lokwakha idamu eliphehla ugesi emfuleni iRufiji onqamula ipaki.
Ukubulawa kwezindlovu ngokungemthetho sekwande kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva kangangoba lesi siqiwu sesifakwe ohlwini “lwezindawo zokubulala” izindlovu ezimbi kakhulu e-Afrika yi-Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA).
Isiqiwu Selous sigcina izilwane zasendle eziningi ezwekazini lase-Afrika, okuhlanganisa izindlovu ezingu-70,000 120,000, izinyathi ezingaphezu kuka-1896, izinyamazane ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi, nezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zezilwane ezidla inyama, zonke zizulazula ngokukhululekile emahlathini, ezihlahleni zomfula, amathafa nezintaba. ububanzi. Umsuka wayo usukela ezikhathini zamakoloni aseJalimane ngo-XNUMX, okuyenza ibe indawo endala evikelekile e-Afrika.
